在羊等反刍动物的饲养中，饲料中添加锰（肌酸锰Manganese Creatine）对瘤胃发酵、微生物群、酶活性和纤维素消化影响显著。补饲锰后，瘤胃液 pH 会明显降低，抑制部分瘤胃菌生长，尤其使纤维水解细菌受抑，降低瘤胃中纤维消化率，破坏微生物平衡，对瘤胃消化产生不利影响。因此，补锰（肌酸锰Manganese Creatine）时搭配瘤胃缓冲剂，维持瘤胃 pH 正常范围很有必要。不过，锰也有积极作用。它能促进瘤胃原虫数量增加，使瘤胃分泌更多消化酶，加速饲粮消化，增加挥发性脂肪酸产量，为机体供能。以包被形式补充微量元素锰（肌酸锰Manganese Creatine），可有效改善绵羊生长期的生长性能与肠道发育，改变肠道细菌结构，提升吸收率与作用效果。添加锰（肌酸锰Manganese Creatine）还能提高饲料在消化系统中的滞留性，促进干物质充分消化，提升饲料利用率。春冬季给藏羊补充含锰的营养舔砖，能增强瘤胃微生物分解纤维素的能力，提高牧草利用率，增强抗病力。体外模拟研究表明，不添加锰时纤维素消化量减少，锰浓度在 0.001% - 0.002％时，瘤胃消化纤维素效果最佳。

锰元素（肌酸锰Manganese Creatine）对反刍动物瘤胃及消化的多面影响

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Multifaceted effects of manganese (manganese creatine, Manganese Creatine) on ruminant rumen and digestion

In the feeding of ruminants such as sheep, the addition of manganese (manganese creatine) to the feed had significant effects on rumen fermentation, microbiota, enzyme activity and cellulose digestion. After manganese supplementation, the pH of rumen fluid will be significantly reduced, which will inhibit the growth of some rumen bacteria, especially inhibit fibrolysis bacteria, reduce the fiber digestibility in the rumen, destroy the microbial balance, and adversely affect rumen digestion. Therefore, it is necessary to supplement manganese (manganese creatine) with a rumen buffer to maintain the normal range of rumen pH. However, manganese also has a positive effect. It can promote the increase of the number of rumen protozoa, make the rumen secrete more digestive enzymes, accelerate the digestion of feed, increase the production of volatile fatty acids, and provide energy for the body. Supplementation of the trace element manganese (manganese creatine) in the form of coating can effectively improve the growth performance and intestinal development of sheep during the growth period, change the structure of intestinal bacteria, and improve the absorption rate and effect. The addition of manganese (manganese creatine) can also improve the retention of feed in the digestive system, promote the full digestion of dry matter, and improve feed utilization. Supplementing Tibetan sheep with manganese-containing nutrients in spring and winter can enhance the ability of rumen microorganisms to decompose cellulose, improve the utilization rate of forage, and enhance disease resistance. In vitro simulation studies have shown that cellulose digestion is reduced without manganese addition, and rumen digestion of cellulose is best at manganese concentrations between 0.001% and 0.002%.

Multifaceted effects of manganese (manganese creatine, Manganese Creatine) on ruminant rumen and digestion

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